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Version vom 3. Mai 2006, 15:29 Uhr

debian.png

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Allgemein

Debian ist eine sehr populäre GNU/Linux-Distribution. Sie wird im Gegensatz zu kommerziellen Distributionen durch die Open-Source-Community dezentral gepflegt. Debian ist neben x86 für insgesamt elf Plattformen verfügbar, allerdings werden echte 80386er nicht mehr unterstützt.

Debians Stärke liegt in seinem überlegenen Paketmanagement, das nicht nur die Aktualisierung einzelner Pakete, sondern auch das Upgrade auf eine neue Version der Distribution ohne größeren Aufwand ermöglicht (sog. "dist-upgrade"). Ein solches Upgrade kann anhand von Datenträgern (DVDs usw.) oder über das Internet erfolgen. Daneben weiß Debian mit einer der umfangreichsten Softwaresammlungen zu glänzen: die aktuelle Distribution enthält über 15.000 Pakete.

Debian ist immer in drei Distributionen erhältlich:

  • Die "stable"-Distribution (Version 3.1, Codename "Sarge") wird von Debian-Team für Produktionsumgebungen empfohlen. Bei Debian können zwischen dem Erscheinen von zwei Distribution mehrere Jahre vergehen.
  • Die "testing"-Distribution (Codename "Etch"), die die Pakete enthält, die "unstable" (s.u.) bereits verlassen haben, aber noch nicht in "stable" akzeptiert sind. "testing" wird gerne für Desktop-Systeme verwendet, obwohl es im Gegensatz zu "stable" und "unstable" nicht mit Sicherheitsupdates versorgt wird.
  • Die "unstable"-Distribution (Codename "Sid"), in der die aktive Entwicklung stattfindet.

Da Debian ausschließlich auf freier Software aufbaut und somit einer Weitergabe keine Hindernisse im Weg liegen, wird es gerne als Grundlage für andere Distributionen verwendet wie bspw.

Vor- und Nachteile

+ umfangreiche Auswahl vorkompilierter Softwarepakete inkl. Quellcode
+ leistungsstarke und flexible Paketverwaltung
+ "stable"-Distribution ist veraltet (jetzt als Version 3.1 "Sarge" etwas neuer)
+ neuer, leistungsfähiger, komfortabler Installer...
- ...der ganz ohne Vorkenntnisse nicht ganz trivial ist (eine Alternative ist bspw. Knoppix)

VDR-spezifische Installationsanleitungen

Sonstiges

Links

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